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2017 年 12 月大學英語四六級考前點撥輔導講義

主講人：北京外國語大學 ***

一、Listening Comprehension：

Part 1.News report & Lecture

News reports:

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.

1. A) Christmas-time attacks made by Somali rebels.

B) An explosion at a bus station in central Nairobi.

C) The killing of more than 70 Ugandans in Kampala.

D) Blasts set off by a Somali group in Uganda’s capital.

聽力原文：Kenyan police say one person was killed and 26 injured in an explosion at a bus station in central Nairobi.

2. A) On Christmas Eve. C) During a security check.

B) Just before midnight. D) In the small hours of the morning.

聽力原文：Some eyewitnesses report that a bag was about to be loaded on board, but it exploded during a security check.

聽力原文：

Kenyan police say one person was killed and 26 injured in an explosion at a bus station in central Nairobi. The blast hit a bus about to set off for the Ugandan capital Kampala. Last July, the Somali group al-Shabab said it was behind the blasts in the Ugandan capital which killed more than 70 people. Will Ross reports from the Kenyan capital.

The explosion happened beside a bus which was about to set off for an overnight journey from Nairobi to the Ugandan capital Kampala. Some eyewitnesses report that a bag was about to be loaded on board, but it exploded during a security check. Windows of the red bus were left smashed, and blood could be seen on the ground beside the vehicle. Just hours earlier, Uganda’s police chief had warned of possible Christmas-time attacks by Somali rebels.

1. What is the news report mainly about?

2. When did the incident occur?

Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.

3. A) It is likely to close many of its stores.

B) It is known for the quality of its goods.

C) It remains competitive in the recession.

D) It will expand its online retail business.

聽 力 原 文 ： Many of its 800 stores are likely to close following the company’s decision to call in administrators after an attempt to sell the business for a token £1 failed.

4. A) Expand its business beyond groceries.

B) Fire 25,000 of its current employees.

C) Cut its DVD publishing business.

D) Sell the business for one pound.

聽 力 原 文 ： Many of its 800 stores are likely to close following the company’s decision to call in administrators after an attempt to sell the business for a token £1 failed.

聽力原文：

Woolworths is one of the best known names on the British High Street. It’s been in business nearly a century. Many of its 800 stores are likely to close following the company’s decision to call in administrators after an attempt to sell the business for a token £1 failed.

The company has huge debts. The immediate cause for the collapse has been Britain’s slide toward recession, which has cut into consumer spending. However, the business had been in trouble for years.

Known for low-priced general goods, Woolworths has struggled in the face of competition from supermarkets expanding beyond groceries and a new generation of internet retailers.

Many of the store group’s 25,000 employees are likely to lose their jobs. Some profitable areas such as the DVD publishing business will survive.

3. What do we learn about Woolworths from the news report?

4. What did Woolworths attempt to do recently? Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.

5. A) All taxis began to use meters.

B) All taxis got air conditioning.

C) Advertisements were allowed on taxis.

D) Old taxis were replaced with new cabs.

聽力原文：That’s due in part to the removal of many of the capital’s old-fashioned black and white taxis.

6. A) A low interest loan scheme. C) Taxi passengers’ complaints.

B) Environmentalists’ protests. D) Permission for car advertising.

聽力原文：After new legislation demanded their removal from the roads, a low interest loan scheme was set up with three Egyptian banks so drivers could buy new cars.

7. A) There are no more irregular practices.

B) All new cabs provide air-conditioning.

C) New cabs are all equipped with meters.

D) New legislation protects consumer rights.

聽力原文：The idea has proved popular with customers ― they can now travel in air-conditioned comfort and because the new cabs are metered, they don’t have to argue over fares.

聽力原文：

Cairo is known for its overcrowded roads, irregular driving practices and shaky old vehicles, but also for its air pollution. In recent months, though, environmental studies indicate there have been signs of improvement. That’s due in part to the removal of many of the capital’s old-fashioned black and white taxis. Most of these dated back to the 1960s and 70s and were in a poor state of repair.

After new legislation demanded their removal from the roads, a low interest loan scheme was set up with three Egyptian banks so drivers could buy new cars. The government pays about $900 for old ones to be discarded and advertising on the new vehicles helps cover repayments.

The idea has proved popular with customers ― they can now travel in air-conditioned comfort and because the new cabs are metered, they don’t have to argue over fares. Banks and car manufacturers are glad for the extra business in tough economic times. As for the taxi drivers, most are delighted to be behind the wheel

of new cars, although there have been a few complaints about switching from black and white to a plain white colour.

5. What change took place in Cairo recently?

6. What helped bring about the change?

7. Why do customers no longer argue with new cab drivers?

參考答案 ：1. B 2. C 3. A 4.D 5.D 6. A 7. C

Lecture：

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear recordings of lectures or talks followed by some questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 16 to 19.

16. A) They investigate the retirement homes in America.

B) They are on issues facing senior citizens in America.

C) They describe the great pleasures of the golden years.

D) They are filled with fond memories of his grandparents.

聽 力 原 文 ： Hello Ladies and Gentleman, it gives me great pleasure to introduce our keynote speaker for today’s session, Dr. Howard Miller. Dr. Miller, Professor of Sociology at Washington University, has written numerous articles and books on the issues facing older Americans in our graying society for the past 15 years. Dr. Miller:

17. A) The loss of the ability to take care of himself.

B) The feeling of not being important any more.

C) Being unable to find a good retirement home.

D) Leaving the home he had lived in for 60 years.

聽力原文：My grandfather spoke of his greatest fear, that of leaving the only home they had known for the past 60 years.

18. A) The loss of identity and self-worth.

B) Fear of being replaced or discarded.

C) Freedom from pressure and worldly cares.

D) The possession of wealth and high respect.

聽力原文：For them and some older Americans, their so-called “golden years” are at times not so pleasant, for this period can mean the decline of not only one’s health but the loss of identity and self-worth.

19. A) The urgency of pension reform.

B) Medical care for senior citizens.

C) Finding meaningful roles for the elderly in society.

D) The development of public facilities for senior citizens.

聽力原文：Now, many of the lectures given at this conference have focused on the issues of pension reform, medical care, and the development of public facilities for senior citizens. And while these are vital issues that must be addressed, I’d like to focus my comments on an important issue that will affect the overall success of the other programs mentioned. This has to do with changing our perspectives on what it means to be a part of this group, and finding meaningful roles the elderly can play and should play in our societies.

Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 16 to 19.

Moderator:

Hello Ladies and Gentleman, it gives me great pleasure to introduce our keynote speaker for today’s session, Dr. Howard Miller. Dr. Miller, Professor of Sociology at Washington University, has written numerous articles

and books on the issues facing older Americans in our graying society for the past 15 years. Dr. Miller:

Dr. Miller:

Thank you for that introduction. Today, I’d like to preface my remarks with a story from my own life which I feel highlights the common concerns that bring us here together. Several years ago when my grandparents were well into their eighties, they were faced with the reality of no longer being able to adequately care for themselves. My grandfather spoke of his greatest fear, that of leaving the only home they had known for the past 60 years. Fighting back the tears, he spoke proudly of the fact that he had built their home from the ground up, and that he had pounded every nail and laid every brick in the process. The prospect of having to sell their home and give up their independence, and move into a retirement home was an extremely painful experience for them. It was, in my grandfather’s own words, like having a limb cut off. He exclaimed in a forceful manner that he felt he wasn’t important anymore.

For them and some older Americans, their so-called “golden years” are at times not so pleasant, for this period can mean the decline of not only one’s health but the loss of identity and self-worth. In many societies, this self-identity is closely related with our social status, occupation, material possessions, or independence. Furthermore, we often live in societies that value what is “new” or in fashion, and our own usage of words in the English language is often a sign of bad news for older Americans. I mean how would your family react if you came home tonight exclaiming, “Hey, come to the living room and see the OLD black and white TV I brought!” Unfortunately, the word “old” calls to mind images of the need to replace or discard.

Now, many of the lectures given at this conference have focused on the issues of pension reform, medical care, and the development of public facilities for senior citizens. And while these are vital issues that must be addressed, I’d like to focus my comments on an important issue that will affect the overall success of the other programs mentioned. This has to do with changing our perspectives on what it means to be a part of this group, and finding meaningful roles the elderly can play and should play in our societies.

First of all, I’d like to talk about . . .

16. What does the introduction say about Dr. Howard Miller’s articles and books?

17. What is the greatest fear of Dr. Miller’s grandfather?

18. What does Dr. Miller say the “golden years” can often mean?

19. What is the focus of Dr. Miller’s speech?

Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 20 to 22.

20. A) It seriously impacts their physical and mental development.

B) It has become a problem affecting global economic growth.

C) It is a common problem found in underdeveloped countries.

D) It is an issue often overlooked by parents in many countries.

聽力原文：It notes that, in recent years, experts have come to the conclusion that undernourishment between conception and a child’s second birthday can have serious and long-lasting impacts.

21. A) They will live longer. C) They get along well with people.

B) They get better pay. D) They develop much higher IQs.

聽力原文：And then at adulthood, IFPRI has actually demonstrated that children who were better nourished have higher wages, by a pretty large margin, by 46 percent.”

22. A) Appropriated funds to promote research of nutrient-rich foods.

B) Encouraged breastfeeding for the first six months of a child’s life.

C) Recruited volunteers to teach rural people about health and nutrition.

D) Targeted hunger-relief programs at pregnant women and young children.

聽力原文：Ruel says in the 1980s Thailand was able to reduce child undernourishment by recruiting a large number of volunteers to travel the countryside teaching about health and nutrition.

Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 20 to 22.

The 2010 Global Hunger Index report was released today by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). It notes that, in recent years, experts have come to the conclusion that undernourishment between conception and a child’s second birthday can have serious and long-lasting impacts.

Undernourishment during this approximately 1,000-day window can seriously check the growth and development of children and render them more likely to get sick and die than well-fed children. Preventing hunger allows children to develop both physically and mentally.

Says IFPRI’s Marie Ruel, “They will be more likely to perform well in school. They will stay in school longer. And then at adulthood, IFPRI has actually demonstrated that children who were better nourished have higher wages, by a pretty large margin, by 46 percent.”

Ruel says that means the productivity of a nation’s future generations depends in a large part on the first 1,000 days of life.

“This is why we’re all on board in focusing on those thousand days to improve nutrition. After that, the damage is done and is highly irreversible.”

The data on nutrition and childhood development has been slowly coming together for decades. But Ruel says scientific consensus alone will not solve the problem.

“It’s not enough that nutritionists know you have to intervene then, if we don’t have the politicians on board, and also the...people that implement [programs] in the field.”

Ruel says there are encouraging signs that politicians and implementers are beginning to get on board. Many major donors and the United Nations are targeting hunger-relief programs at pregnant women and young children. They focus on improving diets or providing micro-food supplements. They improve access to pre-birth care and encourage exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of a child’s life.

Ruel says in the 1980s Thailand was able to reduce child undernourishment by recruiting a large number of volunteers to travel the countryside teaching about health and nutrition.

“They really did very active promotion of diversity in the diet and good eating habits. So they were providing more food to people, but also educating people on how to use them, and also educating people on how to feed their young children.”

Ruel says countries may take different approaches to reducing child undernutrition. But she says nations will not make progress fighting hunger and poverty until they begin to focus on those critical first thousand days.

20. What is the experts’ conclusion regarding children’s undernourishment in their earliest days of life?

21. What does IFPRI’s Marie Ruel say about well-fed children in their adult life?

22. What did Thailand do to reduce child undernourishment in the 1980s?

Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 23 to 25.

23. A) The guaranteed quality of its goods.

B) The huge volume of its annual sales.

C) The service it provides to its customers.

D) The high value-to-weight ratio of its goods.

聽力原文：I’d like to look at a vital aspect of e-commerce, and that is the nature of the product or service.

24. A) Those having a taste or smell component.

B) Products potentially embarrassing to buy.

C) Those that require very careful handling.

D) Services involving a personal element.

聽 力 原 文 ： Products which are usually considered unsuitable for selling online include those that have a

taste or smell component.

25. A) Those who live in the virtual world.

B) Those who have to work long hours.

C) Those who are used to online transactions.

D) Those who don’t mind paying a little more.

聽力原文: Typical users of online supermarkets include the elderly, people who work long hours and those without their own transport.

Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 23 to 25.

I’d like to look at a vital aspect of e-commerce, and that is the nature of the product or service. There are certain products and services that are very suitable for selling online, and others that simply don’t work.

Suitable products generally have a high value-to-weight ratio. Items such as CDs and DVDs are obvious examples. Books, although heavier and so more expensive to post, still have a high enough value-to-weight ratio, as the success of Amazon, which started off selling only books, shows. Laptop computers are another good product for selling online.

Digital products, such as software, films and music, can be sold in a purely virtual environment. The goods are paid for by online transactions, and then downloaded onto the buyer’s computer. There are no postage or delivery costs, so prices can be kept low.

Many successful virtual companies provide digital services, such as financial transactions, in the case of Paypal, or means of communication, as Skype does. The key to success here is providing an easy-to-use, reliable service. Do this and you can easily become the market leader, as Skype has proved.

Products which are potentially embarrassing to buy also do well in the virtual environment. Some of the most profitable e-commerce companies are those selling sex-related products or services. For a similar reason, online gambling is highly popular.

Products which are usually considered unsuitable for selling online include those that have a taste or smell component. Food, especially fresh food, falls into this category, along with perfume. Clothes and other items that need to be tried on such as diamond rings and gold necklaces are generally not suited to virtual retailing, and, of course, items with a low value-to-weight ratio.

There are exceptions, though. Online grocery shopping has really taken off, with most major supermarkets offering the service. The inconvenience of not being able to see the food you are buying is outweighed by the time saved and convenience of having the goods delivered. Typical users of online supermarkets include the elderly, people who work long hours and those without their own transport.

23 What is important to the success of an online store?

24. What products are unsuitable for selling online?

25. Who are more likely to buy groceries online?

參考答案：16.B 17. D 18. A 19. C20. A 21.B 22.C 23.D 24.A 25. B

Part2. Long Conversation

一、抓住首尾句

【預覽選項】

[A] To go sightseeing. [B] To have meetings.

[C] To promote a new champagne. [D] To join in a training program.

【邊聽邊選】

M: Hi, Ann, welcome back. How’s your trip to the states? W: Very busy, [19]I had a lot of meetings. …

19. Why did the woman go to New York?

二、留意對話中的一問一答

【預覽選項】

[A] Data collection. [B] Training consultancy.

[C] Corporate management. [D] Information processing.

【邊聽邊選】

W: What’s your line of business, Mr. Johnson? M: We are a training consultancy.

25. What is the man’s line of business?

Part 3. Passages

【預覽選項】

29.A) Michael’s parents got divorced. B) Karen was adopted by Ray Anderson.

C) Karen’s mother died in a car accident. D) A truck driver lost his life in a collision.

【邊聽邊選】

The impact of the collision killed Karen’s mother instantly, but she was left trapped in the burning car.

【預覽選項】

A) At a local club. C) At the sports center

B) At Joe’s house. D) At the bearing school.

【邊聽邊選】

Joe is a day student, but I am a boarding student. We haven’t been in same classes, sports or extra-curricular activities. Nonetheless, I spend nearly every weekend at his house and we talk on the phone every night.

【預覽選項】

A) Kevin is nine years old B) Kevin is handsome

C) Kevin is single D) Kevin is lack of efficiency

二.Writing：

內容；結構；語言；內容預測：微信：***考研英語

新浪微博：*** 騰訊空間：576728297 (以上三個都關注，有驚喜哦!) 結構學習：兩種形式的文章：圖畫作文和提綱作文 兩種結構的文章：正反觀點對立型和社會熱點型文章；

  圖畫作文: 第一段：

第一句：簡單描述圖畫;

As is shown above， 中心人物+動作. 第二句：圖畫造成影響;

There has been a heated discussion about this picture on the WeChat, the most influential social media in China.

第三句：指出圖畫寓意;

1. The picture shows us that….

2. Simple and funny as this picture is, the symbolic meaning behind it is as deep as ocean.

  第二段： 第一種寫法： 第一句：介紹主題背景

1. ecently the issue of (whether …or not) has been in the limeligh(t wide concern in the public.

成為引人注目的中心)and has aroused

近來， 的問題已經非常明確而且引起了社會的廣泛關注。

2. Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is ....

隨著社會的不斷發展，出現了越來越多的問題，其中之一便是 。

3. Recently, the issue of ...... has been brought into public focus. 近來， 的問題引起了社會的廣泛關注。 第二句：分析利弊

On the one hand,… On the other hand …

第二種寫法： 第一句：介紹各方觀點

1. There is no consensus of opinions among people as to … some people tend to have a favorable attitude toward…While, others have an unpleasant association with…

2. Most of us ，however，have formed a different picture of…some people think they are beneficial, while

others hold the opposite view.

第二句：進一步介紹

1. And we rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.

對于這種極具爭議的話題，我們很難作出絕對的回答。

2. People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.

不同行業的人對同一種問題的解釋不盡相同。

harbor the idea that, take the attitude that,

hold the view that, 認為

  第三段： 給出自己看法：

1. Perhaps there is an element of truth in both these pictures.

2. As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the former view.

在我看來，我較同意前一種觀點。

3. After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the former view. 經過深思熟慮，我較支持前一種看法 

四.Reading in depth

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Universities Branch Out

A) As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.

B) In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering courses of study that

address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative ( 合 作 的 ) research programs to advance

science for the benefit of all humanity.

C) Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over

the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America’s best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.

D) Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place

students in summer internships (實習) abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the

way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity—and providing the financial resources to make it possible.

E) Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai’s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty, postdoctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu’s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team.

F) As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and the integrated circuit of the

1960s to the Internet infrastructure ( 基 礎 設 施 ) and applications software of the 1990s. The link between

university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.

G) For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research-university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.

H) American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.

I) Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation’s well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and—like immigrants throughout history—strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished (珍視) values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.

注意:此部分試題請在答題卡 2 上作答。

46. American universities prepare their undergraduates for global careers by giving them chances for international study or internship.

47. Since the mid-1970s, the enrollment of overseas students has increased at an annual rate of 3.9 percent.

48. The enrollment of international students will have a positive impact on America rather than threaten its competitiveness.

49. The way research is carried out in universities has changed as a result of globalization.

50. Of the newly hired professors in science and engineering in the United States, twenty percent come from foreign countries.

51. The number of foreign students applying to U.S. universities decreased sharply after September 11 due to changes in the visa process.

52. The U.S. federal funding for research has been unsteady for years.

53. Around the world, governments encourage the model of linking university-based science and industrial application.

54. Present-day universities have become a powerful force for global integration.

55. When foreign students leave America, they will bring American values back to their home countries.

解題要訣：主題;定位;句子理解; 主題的強大：

Eg1.主題句：

We sometimes think humans are uniquely vulnerable to anxiety, but stress seems to affect the immune defenses of lower animals too.

One of the most startling examples of how the mind can alter the immune response was discovered by chance.

題目：1. The passage tells us that the most probable reason for the death of the mice in Ader’s experiment

was that .

A) they had been weakened psychologically by the saccharin

B) the sweetener was poisonous to them

C) their immune systems had been altered by the mind

D) they had taken too much sweetener during earlier conditioning

2. It can be concluded from the passage that the immune systems of animals .

A) can be weakened by mind B) can be suppressed by drug injections

C) can be affected by frequent doses of saccharin

D) can be altered by electric shocks

Eg2. 主題詞：weak dollar

52. Why do Americans feel humiliated? A.Their economy is plunging B.Their currency has slumped C.They can't afford trips to Europe

D. They have lost half of their assets.

53. ow does the current dollar affect the life of ordinary Americans? A.They have to cancel their vacations in New York.

B.They find it unaffordable to dine in mom-and-pop restaurants. C.They have to spend more money when buying imported goods. D.They might lose their jobs due to potential economic problems.

54. How do many Europeans feel about the U.S with the devalued dollar? A.They feel contemptuous of it.

B.They are sympathetic with it.

C.They regard it as a superpower on the decline. D.They think of it as a good tourist destination.

55. what is the author's advice to Americans? A.They treat the dollar with a little respect B.They try to win in the weak-dollar gamble C.They vacation at home rather than abroad D.They treasure their marriages all the more 特別提示：對于句子結構的把握，找出句子主干

主謂隔離：句子開頭的第一個獨立名詞(前面沒有關聯詞和介詞)，為句子主語應該和其匹配的動詞 在一起。

1.But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.

2. The fact that artisans, who were looked on as mechanics or skilled workers in the eighteenth century, are frequently considered artists today is directly attributable to the Arts and Crafts Movement of the nineteenth century.

長難句更多解析參見***老師編著《考研英語長難句解密》

更多時文可參見***老師編著《2019 考研英語閱讀同源外刊時文精析》

Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

剪紙(paper cutting)是中國最為流行的傳統民間藝術形式之一。中國剪紙 有一千五百多年的歷史,在明

朝和清朝時期(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)特別 流行。人們常用剪紙美化居家環境。特別是在春節和婚慶 期間,剪紙被用來裝飾 門窗和房間,以增加喜慶的氣氛。剪紙最常用的顏色是紅色,象征健康和興旺。 中國 剪紙在世界各地很受歡迎,經常被用作饋贈外國友人的禮物。

Part IV Translation

Paper cutting is one of China’s most popular traditional folk arts. Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years. It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings. During the Spring Festival and wedding celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are used to decorate doors, windows and rooms in order to enhance the joyous atmosphere. The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red, which symbolizes health and prosperity. Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world and it is often given as a present to foreign friends.

2017 年 12 月翻譯中一定會用到的表達：

1. Sth gradually developed a style which featured …

某物形成了以…為特色的風格;

2. Sth can be classified into several categories:…

某物可以被分為以下幾類;

3. One Belt and One Road Initiative

一帶一路倡議

4. hina has made great headway in narrowing the gap among different social classes.

中國在縮小不同社會階層間的差距方面也在努力。

5. The core of “harmonious society” is “human-centered,” which means the improvement of people’s livelihood.

和諧社會的核心是以人為本，這就意味著要促民生。

6. We not only aspire to build China into a prosperous, strong and modern socialist country, but also into a democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious one.

我們不只是希望把中國建設為現代，繁榮和富強的社會主義國家，而且使中國成為文化先進的，民主

的和和諧的國家。

7. During the long course of history, the Chinese people have, working with diligence, bravery and wisdom, created a beautiful homeland where all ethnic groups live in harmony, and developed a great and dynamic culture

在漫長的歷史進程中，中國人民依靠自己的勤勞、勇敢、智慧，開創了民族和睦共處的美好家園，培

育了歷久彌新的優秀文化。

8. Chinese nation has made an indelible contribution to the progress of human civilization.

中華民族為人類的文明進步作出了不可磨滅的貢獻。

9. sth has become one of the most popular …

…成為了最受歡迎的…之一

Sth has been regarded as one of …

…被認為是…之一

10. We can see…, enjoy…and learn of the legend and anecdotes about…

我們能看到…享受到…而且了解到關于…的傳奇和軼事。

11. sth is a combination of …, dating back to…

某物是…的結合，其起源可以追溯到…

12. policy coordination, facilities connectivity, unimpeded trade, financial integration, and people-to-people bonds as the five major goals.

政策溝通、設施聯通、貿易暢通、資金融通、民心相通

13. Sth ， with a history of… years and a number of …branches/ styles , is an important part of Chinese traditional culture.

… 已有..年的歷史，有好多分支/風格，是中國傳統文化的重要組成部分。

14. High speed railroad is introduced in 2004. With the generous funding from the government, it is rapidly expanding.

2004 年，高鐵被引入;政府大力支持，發展很快。

15. th is familiar to everyone, about which however people’s opinions differ.

大家都很熟悉…,但是對于…仁者見仁。

16. Honor the aged of other family as we honor our own; Care for the children of other family as we care for our own.

老吾老以及人之老，幼吾幼以及人之幼。

17. Respecting the aged and loving the young，a the traditional Chinese virtue, has been regarded as the social responsibility and behavior norm for thousands years.

千百年來，尊老愛幼這一中華民族的傳統美德，被當做是社會責任和行為規范。

Filial Piety, a Chinese traditional virtue, is central to Confucian role ethics.

孝道是中國的傳統美德，被認為是儒家角色倫理的核心。

18. Learning without thinking leads to confusion; thinking without learning ends in danger.

學而不思則罔，思而不學則殆。

19. Chinese characters evolve from pictures and signs. The style of the calligraphers symbolize their age.

漢字由圖畫和符號演變而來。書法家的風格代表了他們的時代。

20. China is the birthplace of ...

中國是…的故鄉

翻譯寫作熱點詞匯：

1.一帶一路 The Belt and Road Initiative

One Belt and One Road (Belt & Road Initiative), 

2.大熊貓 Giant Panda、

3.廣場舞 square dancing、 

4.中華美食 Chinese cuisine 

5.長城 Great Wall

6.共享單車 Bike Sharing 或者 shared bicycle、 

7.京劇 Peking Opera;traditional Chinese culture;

8.空氣污染 air pollution, haze, frog

9 .美麗鄉村 beautiful village, beautiful countryside

10 .食品安全 food safety 當然還有一種夠不夠吃：food security 

11.高鐵 high-speed railway

12.移動支付 mobile payment 相關詞匯：Wechat-pay 微信 Ali-pay 支付寶 Apple-pay

附錄：2017 年 12 月四六級作文中一定能用到的句子：

1. 生活時間角度

( 1 ) We have been always considering sth (recreational activities) as something to relax ourselves or something that can add color to the dull routine of everyday life.

我們一直認為娛樂活動可以讓我們放松，可以為我們每天枯燥的生活增添一些色彩。

(2)Sth will make our life more enjoyable, that is to say, sth can add color to the dull routine of everyday life. Sth 可以使我們的生活更加有樂趣，也就是說，sth 為我們每天枯燥的生活增添了一些色彩。

(3)For the majority of people, (reading or learning a new skill)/(reading news from the weibo or learning moments of their friends on the Wechat) has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment in this modern society.

對大多數人來講，(閱讀或學習一項新技術)(從微信里面了解朋友圈動態)已成為他們生活的中心和 快樂的來源

(4)Furthermore, students visiting their own home frequently would have more accesses and opportunities to communicate with their parents, which have beneficial impact on development of their personal character.

而且，學生常回家有更多機會和父母交流，這對他們個性的培養是有利的。

(5)Sth, by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom.

Sth 很有建設意義地占據了人們的空余時間，使得人們很滿足，進而沒有時間來覺得無聊。

( 6 ) Sth does not occupy students’ too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

Sth 不會占據學生太多的時間.實際上讓他們把所有的時間都花在學習上也是不健康的，就如一 句俗話所說：勞逸結合。

( 7 ) What’ s more, online shopping can save us a great deal of time on the way between home and the department stores, so we would be able to concentrate more time and energy on our meaningful work.

而且，在線購物能節省大量往返于家的商店路上的時間，這會使我們有更多的時間和精力放在 有意義的工作上。

2.知識經驗角度

(1)Little by little, our knowledge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened.

逐漸的，我們的知識會得到增加，我們的視野將會大大的拓寬。

(2)For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.

對于那些想過上健康而有意義的生活的人們來說，找時間學習一些新知識是很重要的，正如那句老話：

活到老，學到老

(3)The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.

大部分學生相信業余工作會使他們有更多機會發展人際交往能力，而這對他們未來找工作是非常有好

處的。

(4)Additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage. By extra studies, many maintain, youngsters are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge, which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets.

額外的教育活動有許多優點，通過學習，年輕人可以獲得很多實踐技能和有用的知識，這些對他們就

業是大有好處的。

( 5 ) By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.

通過做一份和專業相關的工作，學生不僅能夠提高他們的專業能力，而且能獲得從課本上得不到

的經驗。

( 6 ) Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

現在越來越多的人開始相信學習新的技術和知識能直接幫助他們獲得工作就會或提升的機會。

( 7 ) In the first place, extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of children. Educational experts point out that, it is equally important to take some sport activities instead of extra studies when children have spent the whole day in a boring classroom.

首先，額外的學習對孩子們的身體發育是不利的。教育專家指出，孩子們在枯燥的教室里呆了一整天

后，從事一些體育活動，而不是額外的學習，是非常重要的。

3.環境健康角度

(1)Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that some certain sports contribute directly to our health by giving us some physical exercises.

現在越來越多的人開始相信體育鍛煉能有助于身體健康。

( 2 ) As a matter of fact, travel has become part of our life. This situation is encouraging, for it not only broadens people's minds to the extend which may not be reached previously, but also relaxes them physically, which help people conquer mental problems more actively.

實際上，旅行已經成為我們生活的一個部分，這樣的情形是喜人的，因為旅行不僅可以拓寬人們的視

野達到之前沒有達到的范圍，而且還可以在身體上得到放松，這能使人們更加積極的克服心理問題。

(3)Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.

污染對我們的生存造成巨大威脅。

Some of the…are poisonous and dangerous to health.

( 4 ) Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could directly threaten the quality of our lives.

環境專家指出：持續增加的污染不僅會導致像全球變暖這樣嚴重的問題，而且還將威脅到我們的生活 質量。

(5)…Under considerable pressure from… therefore…will only add to their burden.

在這樣的壓力之下，所以會增加他們的負擔。

(6)I see three kinds of pressure working on people today: pressure from education, family and career. It is easy to blame the school for charging too much money, the family members for the heavy burden, the society for

the fierce competition. I think people should relax. It is important for them to keep a good mood under whatever circumstances.

我能看到今天人們身上的三種壓力，教育的壓力，家庭和職業的壓力。學校所收學費太貴，家庭成員

負擔過重，來自社會的激烈競爭。我認為人們應該放松，他們來說，在任何環境下保持一個好的情緒是很 重要的。

(7)Moreover, children will have less time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra studies, consequently, it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal skills. They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness.

而且，由于要額外地學習，孩子們沒有多少時間和同齡的孩子玩耍和交流，很難培養他們的個性和交

際能力。他們可能變得孤僻甚至產生某些心理疾病。

4.合作角度

( 1 ) sth can give students team-spirit and teach them how to cooperate with others. Because in those activities, students usually need to cooperate with others in order to get good achievement.

Sth 可以賦予學生們團隊精神，并教會他們學會與人合作。因為在這些活動中，學生通常需要相互合 作目的是得到提高。

5.科技發展環境角度

(1)In the last decades, advances in mobile Internet technology have made it possible for people to enjoy the more convenient life style.

在過去的幾十年，移動互聯技術的進步就使得人們享受更方便的生活方式成為可能。

(2)Admittedly, this policy has made it possible for the public to realize the importance of environmental protection and enable our citizens to cherish the beauty of our communities.

可以承認，這一政策已經使得公眾認識到環境保護的重要性，并且使得我們的市民去珍惜我們美麗的社區。

(3)Although many people claim that, along with the rapid economic development, the number of people who use bicycle is decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The awareness of environmental preservation and the new form of shared economy, which brings about the booming of mobike and ofo, will revive the use of bicycle and change our way of life. .

雖然很多人承認，隨著經濟的快速發展，使用自行車的人數正在下降，自行車一定會消失。但環境保

護意識和帶來摩拜和小黃車的共享經濟模式將會使自行車重新煥發生機，并改變我們的生活方式。

6.成長成功

(1)Most people are under the illusion that a college degree guarantees success. There is no such guarantee without hard work.

許多人錯誤地認為大學學位能保證成功。不努力工作就沒有這樣的保證。

( 2 ) While the inclination to procrastinate is common, one must fully consider the detrimental impact of unnecessary delays.

雖然拖延的傾向是普遍的，但是人們應該充分考慮到不必要的延誤造成的有害影響。

(3)The tendency to take things for granted is understandable, but the need for one to rationally evaluate the circumstances of any situation is absolutely essential.

想當然的傾向是可以理解的，但是，理智地估計任何情形的情況是完全必需的。

( 4 ) From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that, although the parents' desire to look after children by themselves is understandable, its disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.

通過以上討論，我們可以得出如下結論：盡管家長想親自照看孩子的愿望是可以理解的，但是這樣做

的缺點遠大于優點。

(5) From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that, although extra studies indeed enjoy many obvious advantages, its disadvantages shouldn't be ignored and far outweigh its advantages. It is absurd to force children to take extra studies after school.

通過以上討論，我們可以得出結論：盡管額外學習的確有很多優點，但它的缺點不可忽視，且遠大于

它的優點。因此，放學后強迫孩子額外學習是不明智的。(結論句式)

( 6) While achieving success is easier said than done, perseverance does in fact pay off. One of the most important traits of a successful person is self-confidence, another is desire, and still another is determination.

獲得成功說起來比做起來容易，然而堅持不懈確實會有好結果。成功人士的最重要的特征之一是自信，

第二是渴望，還有一個是決心。

(7)Independence offers many advantages, the first and foremost of which is self-determination.

獨立帶來很多好處，首先也是最重要的是自決

(8)The most obvious and undisputable advantage of having different friend is that you can enjoy more kinds of amusement.

交不同的朋友，最明顯和毫無爭議的好處在于你能參加不同的娛樂活動。

( 9 ) Most people are of the opinion that wealth provides solutions to all problems. But in spite of the material benefits wealth provides , I believe one should abandon the pursuit of materialism and instead concentrate on the pursuit of happiness.

大多數人認為財富為所有問題提供解決的辦法。但是，我認為，盡管財富提供物質上的利益，一個人

應該放棄物質至上的追求，而是集中精力追求幸福。

7.社會宏觀

( 1 ) We needs to reexamine the results of technology development in order to ascertain the benefits and indeed ( 表 示 加 強 含 義 ) the detrimental aspects from a new perspective. Otherwise, various perceived accomplishments might in fact prove to be far from beneficial .

我們需要重新檢查科技發展帶來的結果以便從新的角度明確它們的好處，甚至是有害的方面。否則， 許多我們以為取得的成就實際上可能完全不會帶來好處。

(2)We must avoid overindulgence and conspicuous consumption . We must instead continue to recognize the benefits of thrift in order to protect our newfound prosperity.

我們必須避免過分放縱和鋪張浪費。相反，我們應該繼續發揚節儉的優點以守護我們新獲得的繁榮。

(3)Many of the explanations offered thus far are at least to a certain extent valid, but none fully address the problem and the issue must be examined in a wider context.

目前提供的許多解釋至少在一定程度上是正確的，但是，沒有一個解釋能完全處理問題，這件事情必

須放在更廣闊的背景中考慮。

( 4 ) There is little doubt that immediate action is required to eliminate the detrimental aspects of environmental pollution once and forever.

毫無疑問，必須立即采取行動徹底消除環境污染的危害

(5)Some months ago , a friend of mine was killed in a tragic automobile accident involving a drunk driver .

The incident was far from rare , and was in fact typical of thousands of cases involving drunk driving

幾個月前，我的一個朋友死于一場與酒后駕車有關的悲慘車禍。這件事情一點兒也不罕見，事實上是 數以千計的酒后駕車案例的典型之一。

(6)It is high time we put an end to the deplorable practice of food contamination .

我們早該杜絕食品污染這種應遭譴責的做法。

(7)The most striking conclusion that can be reached when weighing the advantages and disadvantages of the new technology, such as smart phone and the like is quite frankly prosperity.

很坦率地說，在權衡新技術(比如智能手機)時候，能得出的最顯著的結論是繁榮。

( 8 ) The ample evidence presented enables us to reasonably conclude that the scourge of haze will be brought under control in the foreseeable future.

提出的充分證據使我們能夠合理地得出這樣的結論：霧霾的禍害在可預見的將來就能得到控制。

(9)Today, a large amount of tradition has gradually disappeared, for instance stamp collecting.

現在，許多傳統的愛好在逐步消失，例如集郵。

2017 年 12 月巨獻之 20 個與個人成長相關的頂級表達：

1. the challenging and demanding experience 充滿挑戰和要求極高的經歷

2. ense of fulfillment 滿足感

3. Self-evident 不言自明

4. in compliance with 遵守

5.…have the potential to boost …有潛能提升…

6.merits and downsides 利弊

7. invigorated and refreshed 精力充沛，神清氣爽

8. prudent 慎重

9. reak havoc on 對…造成損失

10. apart from…除開

11. unwavering support 堅定不移的支持

12. be conducive and instrumental to …對…有好處 

13.justifiable 合理

14.a desirable trait 優點

15. adversity and hardship 逆境和苦難

16. strive for 為了…努力

17. Aspire to do sth 努力做…

18. attainment 成就

19. perseverance and persistence 堅持

20. Action enables us to transform our aspirations from a state of latent potentiality into one of manifest reality.

行動能讓我們潛在的愿望變成現實;

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